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This spatial data layer provides an indirect estimate of emergent, scrub-shrub and forested tidal wetland losses for 55 non-lagoonal estuaries spanning the contiguous United States West Coast. Losses are defined as those areas that were tidal wetlands prior to European settlement, but are no longer tidal wetlands today. Losses were estimated by comparing the <\/SPAN>National Wetland Inventory<\/SPAN><\/A>\u2018s mapping of current tidal wetlands to the <\/SPAN>Pacific Marine and Estuarine Fish Habitat Partnership<\/SPAN><\/A> (PMEP)\u2019s <\/SPAN>West Coast Estuary Extent<\/SPAN><\/A> mapping. The estuary extent layer represents the likely historical extent of tidal wetlands, so areas not identified as current tidal wetlands in the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) are considered \u201clost\u201d in this analysis.<\/SPAN><\/P>

Important limitations to be aware of when interpreting the results of this assessment<\/SPAN><\/P>

  1. Because PMEP\u2019s estuary extent layer is an elevation-based map, areas lost due to fill that elevates the land surface above current tide range are not captured in the estuary extent layer or in this loss analysis.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/LI>

  2. Not all restored tidal wetlands have been identified and incorporated into the analysis. Restored areas are shown as current tidal wetlands only if they were mapped through an update to the NWI after they were restored.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/LI>

  3. Lagoonal estuaries were excluded from this assessment, because PMEP\u2019s estuary extent mapping may not adequately reflect the historical extent of these features.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/LI>

  4. In many areas along the U.S. West Coast, the NWI data are outdated, or they do not identify tidal wetlands with great accuracy. This can result in either an overestimate of losses (if NWI classifies current tidal wetlands as nontidal or nonwetlands) or an underestimate of losses (if NWI classifies current nontidal wetlands as tidal). In some areas, NWI data are more than 20 years old, and updates are needed. Inaccuracies in NWI classification are most common in middle to upper estuaries. For example, in many Pacific Northwest estuaries, some brackish and freshwater shrub and forested tidal wetlands are mapped in the NWI as nontidal wetlands.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/LI>

  5. Initial stages of the analysis showed that the methods worked best in larger estuaries where the scale of the NWI mapping was better suited to the analysis, and where substantial human alteration is evident. For this reason, we focused the analysis on estuaries with >100 hectares of historical tidal wetland area, and with substantial human alterations (55 estuaries). This subset of PMEP estuaries captures the vast majority (97%) of historical West Coast tidal wetlands by area.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/LI><\/OL>

    Despite these limitations, this analysis provides a broad assessment of the magnitude and spatial distribution of tidal wetland losses across West Coast non-lagoonal estuaries, and provides decision support for conservation and restoration of West Coast estuarine resources. This West Coast-wide mapping of tidal wetland losses will help PMEP and other organizations understand the magnitude of tidal wetland losses coastwide, and how those losses vary among estuaries, regions, and ranges of fish species of concern. 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